Dr Lough has had enormous influence in driving the application of science and technology to enhance the capabilities of the Australian Defence Force. His achievements have included: establishment of a formal, analytical methodology for the evaluation of military equipment; management of the development of the Nulka active missile decoy from laboratory prototype to a deployed system with the Royal Australian Navy; formulation of the construct of two different Operations Divisions withing DSTO that linked operational analysis, system design and human factors research; and driving the very strong and successful alignment of DSTO with its Defence clients by application of a program-oriented approach which cuts across traditional organisational boundaries.